What occurs when soil is compacted?

When soil is compacted, it primarily results in a reduction of volume, which is effectively described as shrinking. This phenomenon occurs because the air pockets and voids between soil particles are decreased as pressure is applied, leading to a denser soil structure.

Compaction is a critical process in construction and civil engineering because it enhances the stability and load-bearing capacity of the soil, reducing the potential for settlement and providing a more solid base for structures. This process can also influence drainage properties, potentially leading to changes in water movement through the soil.

The shrinking of compacted soil means that the soil particles are brought closer together, thus limiting spaces available for water retention and movement. Understanding this principle is vital for general contractors, as it informs decisions regarding excavation, foundation design, and overall site preparation.